MILK PRODUCTION SECTION :-
Milk Production Section :-
Milk Procurement:
Milk cooperatives have played a key role in the growth of dairy sector in the country. As the milk cooperative movement took roots and spread across the country, India transformed from a milk deficit nation to the largest producer of milk in the world. During 2017-18, India produced 176.30 Million Tonnes (4699 lakh litres per day) of milk which is 18.5% of the world production.
Tamil Nadu ranks among the top ten milk producing states of the country with a daily production of 206 lakh litres per day. The state has a very vibrant milk cooperative sector with milk producers’ cooperative societies spread across nook and corner of the state. There are 12,585 milk producers’ cooperative societies having 20.30 lakh milk farmers as members.
The average milk procurement through 19 District Co-operative Milk Producers Unions during the year 2018-19 stood at 33.23 LLPD. On 29.10.2018, procurement stood at an all time high level of 37.03 lakh litres. Aavin stands at fourth position among the state cooperatives across the country. In order to maintain the initial quality of milk and to improve the keeping quality of milk by avoiding long time transportation to Chilling Centres/Dairies, Bulk Milk Coolers (BMC) have been installed at village level for immediate chilling of milk. At present, there are 356 BMCs with a chilling capacity of 15.94 llpd.
Milk Procurement Statistics:
Average Milk Procurement in District Co-operative Milk Producers’ Unions (DCMPU) in lakh litres per day:
| Sl. No. | Year | Average milk procurement per day (in lakh litres) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2010-2011 | 20.67 |
| 2 | 2011-2012 | 21.40 |
| 3 | 2012-3013 | 24.36 |
| 4 | 2013-2014 | 23.22 |
| 5 | 2014-2015 | 23.68 |
| 6 | 2015-2016 | 28.97 |
| 7 | 2016-2017 | 28.50 |
| 8 | 2017-2018 | 29.46 |
| 9 | 2018-2019 | 33.23 |
Milk Pricing:
Most of the rural people especially women make their livelihood by rearing milch animals and by supplying milk to the Co-operatives. Keeping this in view and to improve the rural economy and to enhance the personal income of the stake holders in rural areas, the procurement price for cow milk has been increased by ₹10.00 per litre and the buffalo milk by ₹9.00 per litre over the past five years.
The price of cow’s milk has been enhanced from ₹23.00 to ₹28.00 per litre and that of the buffalo’s milk from ₹31.00 to ₹35.00 with effect from 01.11.2014.
Price Revision Details:
| Sl. No. | Period From | Period To | Buffalo Milk per litre with 7 % Fat and 8.8% SNF | Cow Milk per litre with Total Solids 12.5% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rs. | Rs. | |||
| 1 | 01.09.2009 | 04.01.2011 | 23.00 | 15.54 |
| 2 | 05.01.2011 | 15.02.2011 | 25.20 | 16.64 |
| 3 | 16.02.2011 | 17.11.2011 | 26.00 | 18.00 |
| 4 | 18.11.2011 | 31.12.2013 | 28.00 | 20.00 |
| 5 | 01.01.2014 | 31.10.2014 | 31.00 | 23.00 |
| 6 | 01.11.2014 | Till date | 35.00 | 28.00 |
Cattle Feed:
Nutrition plays a key role in animal productivity and fertility. Over last eight years, through provision of subsidy and training to milk producers, thrust has been given in the usage of cattle feed by cooperative milk producers. As a result, off take of cattle feed supplied through Aavin has increased 20 times over last eight years. As a long term measure, the production capacity of cattle feed plant at Erode has been enhanced to 150 MT per day at a total cost of Rs. 20.36 Crore. This plant has been in operation since 1982. Various types of feeds are produced at Erode which are supplied to District Unions, Animal Husbandry Department and local bodies. During 2013-14, the storage capacity of raw material and finished products were increased from 3350 MT to 6000 MT with an investment of Rs.3.50 Crore. 40,383 MTs of balanced cattle feed was produced by this plant during the year 2018-19.
Apart from Erode Cattle Feed, Cattle feed is also arranged through other agencies like Tamilnadu Co-operative Marketing Federation - (TANFED – IPL & IFFCO), Andhara Pradesh Co-operative Marketing Federation – (AP MarkFed) and Telangana State Marketing Federation – (TS MarkFed).
Cattle feed production at Erode Plant:
| Year | Production (in MTs) |
|---|---|
| 2010-2011 | 4478 |
| 2011-2012 | 6132 |
| 2012-2013 | 15955 |
| 2013-2014 | 26214 |
| 2014-2015 | 20310 |
| 2015-2016 | 18766 |
| 2016-2017 | 22695 |
| 2017-2018 | 37736 |
| 2018-2019 | 40383 |
SALE OF CATTLE FEED:
| Year | Sale of Cattle feed (in MTs) |
|---|---|
| 2010-2011 | 4612 |
| 2011-2012 | 15046 |
| 2012-2013 | 31093 |
| 2013-2014 | 53292 |
| 2014-2015 | 51702 |
| 2015-2016 | 58652 |
| 2016-2017 | 60770 |
| 2017-2018 | 81531 |
| 2018-2019 | 91691 |
Mineral Mixture Plant:
Minerals are essential for proper metabolic functions. Mineral mixture contains all the essential minerals in required quantities. Feeding area specific mineral mixture should be preferred.
Benefits of Feeding Mineral Mixture:
- Helps improving growth rate in calves.
- Better utilization of absorbed nutrients.
- Increases milk production in animals and improves reproductive efficiency and reduces inter-calving period.
- Increases productive life and improves immunity status of the animals.
Four mineral mixture plants are functioning at Villupuram, Thiruchirapalli, Tirunelveli and Erode District Co-operative Milk Producers’ Unions. Each plant has a production capacity of 12 MT per day.
Mineral Mixture Statistics:
Mineral Mixture is supplied to the milk producers and also to Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services.
Supply of Mineral Mixture:
| Year | Total Quantity Supplied (in MT) |
|---|---|
| 2011-2012 | 171.60 |
| 2012-2013 | 131.10 |
| 2013-2014 | 390.67 |
| 2014-2015 | 244.42 |
| 2015-2016 | 966.08 |
| 2016-2017 | 1314.73 |
| 2017-2018 | 1843.79 |
| 2018-2019 | 2872.33 |
Fodder Development:
At Union land:
The area under fodder cultivation in unions is 65.32 acres and 20.00 acres in Pudukudi (Thanjavur union).
In order to meet out the fodder requirement during summer season, 500 nos. of Azolla units have been distributed to the society members and 40 nos. Hydroponics units have been installed as demo units in DCMPUs.
At Pudukudi Farm (Thanjavur district):
Fodder cultivation is being done in 20 acres of land at Pudukudi, Thanjavur District by Federation to meet out the demand of animals available at Pudukudi and Nucleus Jersey & Stud Farm (NJ&SF), Ooty. In addition, fodder is supplied to the nearby unions viz., Trichy, Thanjavur, Pudukottai and Sivagangai. During the last two years, around 1,000 MT of green fodder and 25 lakhs fodder slips have been distributed to the milk producers.
Training Centres:
There are four training centres functioning at union level,
- Salem
- Tirunelveli
- Madurai
- Vellore
Activities:
Training is imparted to the Village Level Worker (VLW)s, Secretaries, Milk Testers and Milk producers on Artificial Insemination (AI) & First Aid (FA), Clean Milk Production (CMP), Milk Testing, Operation and Maintenance of Bulk Milk Cooler (BMC) and Non Conventional Feed & Fodder resources.
WORLD MILK DAY CELEBRATION:
World Milk Day was celebrated on 1st June 2019 at Federation and Union Level. During this occasion best performance awards were given to consumers, retailers, milk consumer co operative societies, whole sale dealers (milk & milk products) and to Zones as a token of gratitude and appreciation. At union level animal health camps were conducted for welfare of milk producers.
SUMMER STRESS MANAGEMENT:
Members are advised to follow the following practices to overcome the heat stress of animals:
- Proper housing of animals in shady areas to protect against hot winds.
- Sprinkling of water over the body of the animals and shower facility if possible.
- Allowing animals for grazing in the early morning / late evening hours.
- Providing adequate cattle feed and mineral mixture & increase the frequency of feeding.
- Providing required green fodder and clean cool water 5 to 6 times in a day.
Activities of the AB&DC Section:
- Animal health coverage
- Animal breeding services
- Semen Production – Nucleus Jersey & Stud Farm, Ooty
- Semen Distribution – Buffalo Frozen Semen Station, Erode
- Bull Production –Field Performance Recording Programme (FPRP) / National Dairy Plan (NDP) – Progeny Testing Programme (PTP).
Other Activities:
– Ensuring Veterinary Medicine Availability
-
- Carrying out Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) Vaccination
- Cattle Insurance
- Arranging Breeding Infrastructure
- Arranging training to Veterinarians and VLWs
- Liaison with TNLDA, AHD and TANUVAS
Nucleus Jersey and Stud Farm (NJ&SF), Udhagamandalam:
The Nucleus Jersey and Stud Farm of Federation was established in 1973. It consists of two divisions viz. Bull Mother Farm and Stud Farm. Stud Farm is located in an area of 37.725 acres of land leased from the Forest Department, while Bull Mother Farm is located in an extent of 46.33 acres of Revenue land.
Objectives:
- To maintain high pedigree Jersey cattle, to produce genetically superior Jersey Breeding Bulls and Cows.
- To produce Frozen Semen Straws from genetically superior Jersey, Friesian and Cross-bred Bulls and supply the same throughout Tamil Nadu for Artificial Insemination of Cattle.
Bull Mother Farm -maintains high pedigree Cows of Jersey breed, to produce genetically superior Jersey breeding bulls for production of quality frozen semen for breeding purposes. In the same location in Kakkathope, cultivation of Oats, Maize & Kikuyu grass is also undertaken for fodder requirement of the farms.
Stud Farm –maintains Pure Jersey, Crossbred Jersey, Pure Holstein Friesian and Cross Bred Holstein Friesian bulls for frozen semen production. Frozen semen is supplied to all the District Cooperative Milk Producers’ Unions (DCMPU) in the State which in turn distribute it to the Artificial Insemination Centres under their control for artificial insemination of the cows belonging to the members of the Milk Producers’ Cooperative Societies. Presently, there are around 174 bulls at the Stud Farm, of which 95 are under collection. Six imported bulls viz. five pure Jersey and one pure HF are also being maintained in the farm. The farm produces around 16.00 Lakh doses of frozen semen straws per year on an average.
The Nucleus Jersey and Stud Farm is an ISO 9001:2015 certified and ‘B’ graded semen station.
Buffalo Frozen Semen Station (BFSSs), Erode:
This unit undertakes the task of distribution of Frozen Semen Straws (white cattle) produced at NJ&SF, Ooty to all milk unions based on their requirement. The present off take by unions is around 1.60 lakh per month.
This Unit also distributes around 6000 Nos. of Buffalo Frozen Semen Straws per month, procured from Animal Husbandry Department, to unions.
Artificial Insemination:
Timely Artificial Insemination is essential for getting one calf per year. Hence for the benefit of Milk producers Artificial Insemination is carried out to the milch animals at the door step of the milk producers through union Veterinarians, NADP doctors and trained Village Level Workers. During the year 2018-19, 20.01 lakh Artificial Inseminations were carried out through 2724 Artificial Insemination Centres which includes 2664 Mobile and 60 Stationary Centres.
Rearing of Bull Calves:
Rearing of breeding bull calves produced through Progeny Testing Programme (PTP) / Field Performance Recording Programme (FPRP) is also being carried out in this Unit.
Disease / Genetic Disorder Testing Protocol
Testing protocols are mandatory tests to be carried out on male calves selected through PT programmes in order to minimize the chances of transmitting diseases through frozen semen.
| S.No. | Name of the Disease/Test |
|---|---|
| 1. | Tuberculosis(TB) |
| 2. | Johnes disease(JD) |
| 3. | Brucellosis |
| 4. | Infectious bovine Rhinotracheitis(IBR) |
| 5. | Bovine viral diarrhoea(BVD) |
| 6. | Karyotyping-For Chromosomal abnormalities |
| 7. | Other Genetic disorders (BLAD, Citrullinemia, Factor IX deficiency) |
Pre-Quarantine Station at Attur:
- An establishment where bull calves below 3 months of age are kept in rearing before shifting them to a quarantine station.
- The calves are shifted to the quarantine station only if they are negative for all MSP diseases and their dams are negative for TB, JD & Brucellosis.
- Pre-Quarantine at Attur has a capacity for housing 60 nos. of bull calves.
- In Pre-Quarantine, calves will be tested for all MSP diseases like TB, JD, Brucellosis, IBR and BVD, other Genetic disorders and chromosomal abnormalities.
Quarantine Station at Erode:_
- An establishment where bull calves above 3 months of age are kept in rearing, after the calves and their dams have already been tested negative for MSP diseases (where applicable) either in field or while in pre-quarantine and where at least two rounds of testing are done for all MSP diseases with negative results, before they can be shifted to rearing station.
- Quarantine station at Erode can house 60 nos. of bull calves.
Rearing Station at Pudukudi:
- An establishment where bull calves which have passed through the pre-quarantine and quarantine are maintained before being transferred to the semen station. Only animals that are negative to all the tests will be declared fit for induction into a semen station.
- Rearing station at Pudukudi can house 60 nos of bull calves.
Dairy Herd Improvement Programme Actions (DIPA), Erode:
DIPA unit is also functioning at Erode. The activities of DIPA unit are:
Field Performance Recording Programme (FPRP):
Under Field Performance Recording Programme, the milk yield of the Jersey crossbred cows are recorded and elite cows are mated with proven bull semen to produce superior cross bred bull calves.
FPRP is being implemented by the Federation in 8 District Unions viz. Salem, Dharmapuri, Erode, Coimbatore, Trichy, Madurai, Dindigul and Tirunelveli with the financial assistance from Government of India.
Under the Field Performance Recording Programme for Crossbred Jersey, so far 388 bull calves have been provided for frozen semen production to the four frozen semen stations under Cooperative sector (1) and Animal Husbandry Department (3).
FPRP programme is also carried out in pure Kangeyam Indigenous breeds to produce 50 calves under TNLDA fund.
Schemes:
The following schemes are being implemented through to this department.
National Livestock Mission (NLM):
Under this scheme fodder slips, fodder seeds, chaff cutter are being distributed to the farmers at subsidized rate. Further, capacity building and training to the progressive dairy farmers is also being implemented.
Further, Insurance coverage is being provided to the milch animals of milk producers at subsidized premium through TNLDA under National Livestock Mission (NLM) of Government of India. Around 100000 animals were insured every year.
State Fodder Development Scheme (SFDS):
Under this scheme, fodder seeds, fodder slips, tree saplings were distributed to the producers of 16 district unions. The total amount allocated under the scheme for the year 2015-16 was Rs.25.00 crore.
National Agriculture Development Programme (NADP):
Doorstep Veterinary and Emergency Health Services is being implemented from 2011 onwards by engaging 155 Veterinarians on contract basis.
Through this scheme, animal health coverage and breeding activities are carried out at the doorsteps of the milk producers in the 19 District Cooperative Milk Producers Unions, thus bringing loyalty among members and also improving milk production by way of better animal health care.
National Programme for Bovine Breeding (NPBB):
Under National Programme for Bovine Breeding (NPBB), infrastructure equipments like liquid nitrogen containers, frozen semen containers, AI gun etc. are supplied through Tamil Nadu Livestock Agency (TNLDA) to Milk Societies for carrying out Artificial Insemination in addition training is also imparted to Veterinarians and Village Level Workers (VLWs).
In coordination with TNLDA, the farmers are being oriented on best animal management practices, Clean Milk Production concept, Calf rearing, Ration Balancing Programme & Fodder development including growing of azolla & hydroponics system.
National Dairy Plan - I (NDP - I):
Progeny Testing Programme (PTP):
Under National Dairy Plan, Progeny Testing Programme is being implemented in Crossbred Jersey Cows, at a total outlay of Rs.34.69 crore. The scheme was implemented from 2012-13 in five District Unions, viz. Vellore, Villupuram, Erode, Salem and Trichy and 271 High Genetic Merit (HGM) bulls have been distributed under the scheme. Based on the performance of the daughters on various parameters like milk yield, milk quality, lactation period etc. the bulls are ranked and best bulls are used for producing proven semen for increased milk production.
Strengthening of Semen Station, NJ&SF, Ooty:
Under national dairy plan, the semen station at Nucleus Jersey and Stud Farm, Ooty was strengthened with a grant of Rs.1349.61 lakh. Under this project, various lab items, farm equipments have been procured apart from information and communication technology (ICT) related items. In addition, a Calf Rearing Station at Pudukudi and Quarantine Station at Erode were established.
Village Based Milk Procurement System (VBMPS):
Under National Dairy Plan I, village based milk procurement system (VBMPS) programme was implemented in six milk unions viz., Salem, Coimbatore, Erode, Vellore, Trichy and Kancheepuram-Tiruvallur at a total project cost of Rs.2451.82 lakh.
Under this scheme, 71 Nos. of BMCs, 559 Nos. of AMCUs / DPMCUs and 1789 Nos. of cans were supplied apart from training to society staff, society board members and milk producers.
Through implementation of this project, in addition to clean milk production quality of raw milk was also increased.
Ration Balancing Programme (RBP):
Under National Dairy Plan I, Ration Balancing Programme (RBP) was implemented in eleven milk unions viz., Salem, Coimbatore, Erode, Villupuram, Vellore, Trichy, Madurai, Dindigul, Dharmapuri, Tirunelveli and Kancheepuram Tiruvallur at a total project cost of Rs.1957.00 lakh.
The programme is aimed at reducing the feeding cost by preparing least cost formula with the locally available feed material. This programme has resulted in reduction in cost of feeding by Rs.1 to Rs.3 per litre and increase of 300-500 ml milk production per animal.